Crack preventer for looms



Jn. 2s, 1930,

w. A. 'rr-:Bo f 1,745,129 CRACK PREVENTEH FOR LoMs Filed Dec. 13, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan.. 28, 1930. w. A.- TEBO 1,745,129

CRACK PREVENIE FOR LOOMS Filed nec. 13. 192e '2 sheets-snee:- 42

y n lm/erirorl William Afl'bo Patented Jan. 2S, 1930 UNITED STATES WILLIAM A. TEBO, OF ANTHONY, RHODE ISLAND, .ASSIGNOR T0 DRAPER CORPORATION,

PATENT OFFICE 0F HOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MAINE CRACK PBEVENTER FOR LOOMS Application filed December 13, 1928.

This invention has for its object to provide means for prevent-ing cracks or thin places extending inwardly from the side edges of cloth being woven in a loom. Such undesirale cracks or thin places are likely to occur when filling replenishment takes place in an automatic filling replenishing loom or when a pickout becomes necessary in any type of loom.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel form of whip roll, or roll about which the warp sheet passes with a substantially right angle bend under tension from the warp beam to the take-up mechanism, in which this roll is formed with longitudinally aligned radial segments one at each end eX- tending through a longitudinal portion of its warp-engaging periphery so that, when the roll is rotarily' adjusted to place the segment of the roll containing these enlargements in the path of the warps, greater tension will 'be placed upon the warps at the side edges of the cloth passing over these enlargements.

The object of the invention is further to provide means for rotarily adjusting a roll thus provided with the said enlargements into the desired position and further to provide for the rotary movement of the roll to allow it to be rotated into position by the warps themselves so as to bring the enlarge ments out of the path of the warps and thus restore the normal tension on the warps.

The object of the invention is furthervto provide means for automatically adjusting such a roll into position to bring the enlargements into the path of the warps, which means shall be actuated upon the initiation of filling replenishment, or upon the occurrence of any other change in the loom operation requiring increased tension on the Warps.

The object of the invention is further to provide means actuated by the lay upon the 'beat-up, upon the initiation of filling replenishment thus to adjust the roll.

The object of the invention is further to provide means acting upon the initiation of a predetermined change in the operation of the loom temporarily to press against and increase the tension of the warps at each edge of the Warp sheet.

Serial No. 225,734.

These and other objects and features of the invention will appear more fully from the accompanying description and drawings and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

A preferred form of the invention is illustrated in connection with a loom of the automatic filling replenishing type but as the general construction and operation of such looms are well known and familiar to those skilled in the art, it is only necessary here to illus trate and describe those parts of the loom with which the invention, in its preferred form, is particularly concerned.

In the drawings: S

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation looking from the center of the loom toward one side and partially in vertical cross section.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the whip roll itself embodying a preferred forni of the invention.

Figs. 3 and l are views in transverse cross section of a whip roll such as shown in Figs. l and 2, first. in normal position and, second, in position to exert tension on the warps at the sides of the cloth.

Fig. 5 is a view in transverse cross section taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. l, but on a larger scale. j

Fig. 6 is a detail of a portion of the lay sword looking toward the front and of the operating rod taken in vertical cross section, the dotted lines indicating the raised position of the rod.

Cracks or thin places in the weaving of cloth, particularly inthe liner and more eX- pensive grades, are highly undesirable.

Such imperfections occur largely when tilling replenishment takes place in an automatic filling replenishing loom or when there is a pick-out in any type of loom. In the former case the difficulty is chieliy due to the difference in tension en the filling before and after replenishment and is accentuated when the cloth being woven is relatively wide and the bobbins or filling carriers are relatively long. There is a substantial increase in the tension on the filling as the bobbin in the shuttle is unwound. Vhen the bobbin is full, filling draws off comparatively easily and as the bobbin nears depletion, a greater force is required to draw the filling ofi' the bobbin.

Consequently when filling replenishment takes place, a full bobbin, requiring the minimum tension to draw off the filling therefrom, suddenly replaces a depleted bobbin requiring the maximum tension to draw the filling off. This sudden change in tension not infrequently results in the formation of the undesirable crack or thin place extending inwardly from the edges of the cloth. In the latter case, when a pick-out occurs and the operator has picked out a number of picks from the woven cloth and re-started the loom, a similar crack or thin place is likely to occur because the cloth where it passes through the temples at the sides of the loom has a tendency to recede so that the first pick of filling beaten in when the loom is re-started cannot be beaten up close to the last pick left in the cloth at the side edges of the cloth.

The present invention prevents the formation of such cracks or thin places by providing means acting temporarily to press against and increase the tension of the warps at ,ea-ch edge of the warp sheet at the required times, as when replenishment takes place, or as when a pick-out occurs. For this purpose the invention preferably provides a novel form of whip roll having longitudinally aligned radial enlargements at each end er:- tending through a longitudinal portion of the warp-engaging periphery. By this term whip roll, it is intended to include any rolllike device about which the warp sheet passes with a substantially rectangular bend and lfmder tension between the warp beam and the ell.

A preferred and illustrative embodiment of the invention is shown in connection with the automatic filling replenishing type of loom, but its application to any type of loom and its control either automatically or manually will be apparent therefrom.

Such a loom is shown as comprising side frames such as l, the warp beam 2 journalled therein and from which the sheet of warps 3 is unwound, the lay 4 carried by the lay swords 5 pivotally mounted by the lay rocker shaft 6 at the bottom of the loom, the crank shaft 7 and pitman 8 Vor operating the lay, the breast beam 9 and the controller rock shaft l() which upon the initiation of filling replenishment is rocked connter-cloclnvise.

It is common to provide at the rear of the loom above the warp beam a .so-called whip roll around which the warps pass in a substantially rectangular bend and this whip roll may be fixed in position or bodily movable. In the construction shown, the whip roll is carried in arms 11 projecting rearwardly from a shaft 12 on the loom frame.

In the preferred form of the present invention, the Whip roll 13. shown separately in Fig. 2. is of general cylindrical form and provided at its ends with the journals 11, adapted in this case to seat in bearing seats in the arms 1l. The main central body pol'- tion of this roll is cylindrical, but each end is formed with a radial enlargement 15 extending in longitudinal alignment. These enlargements preferably extend over a substantial segment of the roll periphery at the extreme ends and present conical surfaces tapering inward a substantial distance and merging into the cylindrical periphery of the main central body of the roll.

It will be seen, therefore, that when the roll stands in normal position, or as shown in Fig. 3. the warps 3 will all pass over a cylindrical segment of the roll so that the roll will then perform simply its usual detlecting function. If, however, the roll be rotated on its axis so as to bring the enlargements 15 into the path of the warps, as shown in Figs. 1 and il, those warps atthe sides of the warj, sheet passing over the enlargemeiits will ne placed under greater tension than those passing, in the normal wa y, over the main central cylindrical body of the roll. The tension oi. the wai-ps at the side edges will also gradually decrease from a maximum at the extreme ends of the rolls to the normal amount at the inner ends of the enlargen'ients.

In the case of a pick-out, or in a nonfilling replenishing type of loom, this rotarj` adjustment of the roll to place the additional tension on the warps at the side edges will be made manually when required. In the ease of an automatic filling replenishing loom, it will be made auton'iatically upon the occurrence of filling replenishment. In the case of other types of looms, it may aiso be made automatically upon the occurrence of any predetern'iined change in the loom operation.

In the construction illustrated, the whip roll let is provided with a radially extending projection 16. A rod 17 is pivotally connected to this projection. Thus the rod is pivotally connected to the whip roll eccentrically thereof. This rod extends forwardly and near its forward end normally rests upon a suit-able stop 18 secured to the loom frai'ne. IVhen in this position, the roll is in the position shown in Fig. 3 and the enlargenients 15 are out of the path of the warps I'Vhen filling replenishment takes place, an operation which may be taken as exemplifying any change in the loom operation upon the occurrence of which a crack or thin place should be prevented. the rod 17 is pulled forward and rotates the roll into the position shown in Fig. 4, with the enlargements 15 in the path of the wai-ps 8. 'lhis result is automatically secured in the case of the initiation of filling replenishment by a preferred form of mechanism illustrated. Vhen filling replenishment is initiated, the usual controller rock shaft 1() rotates counter-clockwise. An arm 19 is shown connected to the rock shaft 10 and a yielding connection Q0 in the form of a helical spring is shown connecting this arm with the forward end of the rod 17. Consequently when the rock shaft 10 rotates, the rod 17 is yieldingly elevated. In elevated position, the rod is shown as moved forward upon the beatup by a cooperating connection with the lay or lay sword. For that purpose a metal plate 21 is secured to the face of the lay sword 5 and projects laterally therefrom. In the lateral projection is formed a slot 22 through which the rod 17 extends and slides freely when the rod rests on the projection 18. lVhen, however, the rod 17 is raised by the arm 19, it is brought into cooperation with the metal plate so that as the lay swings forwardly, it gives the desired forward pull to the rod. For this purpose the rod 17 is provided with a hooked plate 23 set into a recess 2st in one face of the rod 17 and longitudinally adjustable thereon by the screws 25 passing through a slot therein. When the rod 17 is raised into elevated position, as shown in Fig. 1 and in dotted lines in Fig. 6, the hooked end of the plate 23 engages the upper edge of the plate 21 on the lay sword. The adjustment of the roll into this position, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4;, places the desired increased tension on the warps at the outer edges of the cloth, thus making up for its decrease in the filling and insures the prevention of cracks or thin places. Obviously this adjustment may be made manually by a rod such as 17 or in any other suitable manner.

The return rotary movement of the roll to normal position is secured by the warps them' selves. As the weaving of the cloth proceeds, the warp sheet dragging forward over the roll gradually rotates it into normal position, bringing the enlargements 15 out of the path of the warps. Suitable means may be provided for limiting the rotary movements of the roll. As illustrated, a projection 26 on the roll 13 may come int-o engagement with a stop 27 on the arm 11 to prevent further rotative movement of the roll after it has been restored by the warps to normal position.

In the case of a pick-out with the roll standing in normal position, if the operator lets back the cloth and warp beam, the warp sheet dragging backward around the roll will rotate the roll to bring the enlargements into the path of the warp sheet and thus increase the tension on the warps at the side edges. In order to prevent, in the case of a large degree of let-back, too great a rotation of the roll, another stop 28 may be provided on the arm 11 to be engaged by Mthe projection 26 on the roll.

The invention therefore presents a simple and effective means for preventing the occurrence of cracks or thin places which may be easily applied to any desired type of loom.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

l. A whip roll having similar longitudialigned radial enlargements one at each end presenting segmental, conical peripheral surfaces tapering into the cylindrical periphery of the central main body ofthe roll.

4l. A loom comprising a whiproll having longitudinally aligned radial enlargements one at each end extending through a longitudinal portion of its warp engaging periphery, and means for rotarily adjusting the roll to position said enlargements in the path of the warps passing around the roll thus to increase the tension of the warps passing around said enlargements, the said roll being rotatable freely suliiciently to allow the roll after being so adjusted to be rotated by the warps into position with a cylindrical segment in the path of the warps.

5. A whip roll having longitudinallyaligned radial enlargements one at each end presenting segmental, conical peripheral surfaces tapering into the cylindrical periphery of the central main body of the roll, and

means for rotarily adjusting the roll to position said enlargements in the path of the warps passing around the roll thus to increase the tension of the warps passing around said enlargements, the said roll being rotatable freely suiiiciently to allow the roll after being i so adjusted to be rotated by the warps into position with a cylindrical segment in the path of the warps.

G. A loom comprising means for effecting a change in the operation of the loom, and

means acting upon the initiation of such a change temporarily to press against and increase the tension of the warps at each edge of the warp sheet without aliecting the tension of the intermediate warps.

7. A loom comprising means for effecting a change in the operation of the loom, and means acting upon the initiation of such a change to press against and increase the tension of the warps at each edge of the warp sheet with the element of said latter means which is pressed against the said warps mounted to be rotated by the warps as they are taken up in the weaving operation to bring the said element into a position to `V restore the tension of the warps at each edge.

8. A loom comprising a whip roll having longitudinally aligned radial enlargements one at each end extending through a longitudinal portion of its warp engaging periphery, and means actuated upon the initiation of filling replenishment to elect a rotary movement of the roll to position the enlargements in the path of the warps passing around the roll and thus to increase the tension on the warps at each side engaged by the said enlargements, the said roll being rotatably mounted to allow the roll thereafter to be rotated by the Warps during the weaving operation in the reverse direction,

9. A loom comprising a rotatably mounted whip roll having longitudinally aligned enlargements one at each end extending through a longitudinal portion of its warp engaging peripher a rocking lay, a rod pivotally connecte to the whip roll eccentrically thereof, cooperating means on the rod and the lay normally disengaged and means actuated upon the occurrence ot' a predetermined phase of the loom operation to effect the engagement of said cooperating means to cause the lay to shift the rod and rotate the roll to bring the enlargements into the path of the Warps passing thereover.

10. A loom comprising a rotatably mounted whip roll having longitudinally aligned radial enlargements one at each end extending through a longitudinal portion of its warp engaging periphery, a rod pivotally connected to the Whip roll eccentrically thereof, a support for the free end of the rod, a rocking lay, a guide on the lay through which the 0rd passes, a controller rock shaft, an arm extending radially from the controller rock shaft and a connection from said shaft to said rod acting when the controller rock shaft is operated to raise the rod into engagement with the lay and cause the lay on the beat-up to adjust the roll rotarily to bring the enlargements into the path 0f the warps passing thereover and thus increase the tension on the Warps at each side of the Warp sheet.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

WILLIAM A. TEBO. 

